The Hanseatic League was primarily a community of merchants engaged in long-distance trade. Western Pomerania was the Baltic coastal region with the highest number of members in this union, which included the following urban centers: Białogard, Darłowo, Goleniów, Gryfice, Kamień, Kołobrzeg, Koszalin, Sławno, Słupsk, Stargard, Szczecin, Trzebiatów, and Wolin. Their participation in Hanseatic life was…
Cechy w pomorskich miastach zaczęły się kształtować w II połowie XIII wieku. W niektórych ośrodkach ich rozwój zapoczątkowały już przywileje lokacyjne wspominające o możliwości zakładania organizacji zawodowych i wolności gospodarczej. W innych proces powstawania systemu cechowego przebiegał stopniowo. Przyczyniała się do tego z jednej strony koncentracja produkcji, z drugiej zaś walka konkurencyjna. W zasadzie w…
In the era of the Age of Discovery, new trade routes were formed. The Mediterranean Sea was losing its significance, while the role of routes passing through the Baltic and North Seas was growing. States with capitalist economies began to emerge in Europe, needing raw materials from Central and Eastern Europe for their development. Their…
Ostatni Gryfita Bogusław XIV urodził się 31 marca 1580 roku na zamku w Barth i był trzecim z kolei synem Bogusława XIII i jego pierwszej żony Klary księżnej brunszwickiej. W młodości wraz z braćmi pobierał nauki domowe. Jednocześnie był też przygotowywany przez ojca do pełnienia samodzielnych rządów. Uczestniczył w obradach sejmików stanów pomorskich, zapoznawał…
The conflict in the Pomeranian Bay in the years 1985–1989 and after 1990 On January 1, 1985, the decree issued by the government of the German Democratic Republic on the extension of territorial waters to 12 nautical miles (M) entered into force. This document, dated December 20, 1984, implemented the 1982 GDR State…
Pomeranian-Polish relations in the times of the Griffins in the 12th century included the exercise of supremacy over the Duchy of Pomerania by Polish rulers (Polish fiefdom). In the following centuries, mutual relations were based on dynastic ties, including those of Bogislaw X with Anna Jagiellon (1491), as well as political and military alliances against…
The time has come to face the legend of the Junak. This is a dangerous task, because for many people it is a practically mythically perfect vehicle, simply because it is Polish. As if we were marked by God to invent and produce perfect things, in this case motorcycles. […] Every word of criticism…
On a beautiful, sunny Friday, July 17, 1959, at 11:45 AM, an Il-18 landed at the airport near Szczecin in Goleniów, carrying the Prime Minister of the Soviet Union and First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, Nikita Khrushchev. This visit—one of three, alongside the city’s visits by John Paul II in 1987…
Initially, the Duchy of Pomerania constituted a patrimonial monarchy governed by ducal law. During the thirteenth century, with colonization and the adoption of Western models (colonization under German law), the duchy transformed into a feudal monarchy, with relations based on feudal law and estate privileges. Following a period of feudal dependence on Polish dukes, the…
The colonization under German law in Pomerania during the thirteenth century introduced a new form of organization for the population engaged in non-agricultural occupations. In place of strongholds and their adjacent trading settlements (suburbia), towns chartered under Magdeburg or Lübeck law emerged in accordance with Western models. They constituted self-governing communes, with their own administrative…
